List of massacres in the Finnish Civil War
This is a list of massacres during or immediately after the Finnish Civil War. The Finnish Civil War was a conflict in 1918, which killed more than 38,000 people (about one percent of the country's population), of whom 1,650 were victims of Red Terror, and over 10,000 of White Terror.[1]
Event | Estimated deaths | Date | Perpetrators | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Suinula massacre | 15 | 31 January | Red Guards | [2][3][4] |
Vihti executions | 17 | 1 February | Red Guards | [5] |
Lottery of Huruslahti | 90 | February (after Battle of Varkaus) | White Guard | The name lottery refers to the alleged logic of executing one in 10 of the accused. |
Pori Lyceum massacre | 11 | 6 February | Red Guards | [6] |
Haaga executions | 45 | 12 April | Baltic Sea Division | The only massacre by the German troops in Finland. |
Kuurila train murders | 22 | 19 April | Red Guards | [7] |
Vyborg provincial prison massacre | 30+ | 27 – 28 April | Red Guards | [8] |
Vyborg massacre | 360-420 | 28 April – 3 May | White Guard | Victims were predominantly Russian. |
Jämsä executions | 70-80 | April – May | White Guard | [9] |
Hollola executions | 200-500 | April – May | White Guard | [10] |
Paukaneva executions | 40+ | April – May | White Guard | [11] |
Tampere executions | Hundreds | April – May | White Guard | |
Toijala executions | 222 | April – May | Red Guards, White Guard | Both sides committed executions in the area. |
Kouvola and Koria massacres | 120 | Red Guards, White Guard | Finnish wikipedia | |
Valkeakoski female guard executions | 36 | 1 May | White Guard | [12] |
Jakobstad executions | 7 | 2 May | White Guard | The executed included a White Guard lawyer defending the accused. |
Västankvarn executions | 62+ | 2 May – 26 May | White Guard | Finnish wikipedia |
Harmoinen sick room mass murder | 13 | 10 May | White Guard | Victims were hospital patients. |
Koliahde massacre | 16 | May | Red Guards | [13] |
Länkipohja massacre | 80+ | May | White Guard | [14] |
Perttula executions | 30-40 | 18 – 20 May | White Guard | [15] |
See also
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References
- ^ "Finnish Civil War 1918 | International Encyclopedia of the First World War (WW1)". encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. Archived from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ "Suinulan verilöyly oli sisällissodan ensimmäinen joukkoteloitus – Tampereen Pyrinnön puheenjohtaja surmattiin Kangasalla". www.aamulehti.fi (in Finnish). 31 January 2018. Archived from the original on 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
- ^ "Suinulan surujuhla: Sankarivainajien patsas noussut 15 v:n kuluttua verilöylystä". Hakkapeliitta (in Finnish) (5): 13. January 31, 1933.
- ^ Kurkinen, Janne. "Suomi 1917-1918 - Suinulan verilöyly". Tuni.fi (in Finnish). Tampere University. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
- ^ [email protected]. "Harva vihtiläinen todisti teloituksia 1.2.1918". Vihdin Uutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 2020-01-05.
- ^ Tikka, Juha-Pekka (2018-05-02). "Punaisen terrorin ajan joukkomurhaa koulun pihalla seurasi paljon yleisöä" (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
- ^ Korjus, Olli (2020). Kuusi kuolemaantuomittua (in Finnish). Atena. ISBN 978-952-300-048-3. Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
- ^ Marttinen, Seppo (2018-04-24). Viipurin lääninvankila 1917 - 1918 (in Finnish). BoD - Books on Demand. ISBN 978-952-80-0067-9. Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
- ^ "Silmitöntä tappamista ja teloituksia tapulissa – Vuoden 1918 terrori kauhistuttaa Jämsässä edelleen". Yle Uutiset (in Finnish). 11 March 2018. Archived from the original on 2020-09-08. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ "Työväenmuseo Werstas". www.tkm.fi. Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ Oy, I.-Mediat. "Paukanevalla teloitettiin yli 40 ihmistä vuonna 1918". Ilkka (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 2019-12-31. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ "Työväenmuseo Werstas". www.tkm.fi. Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ "Vuoden 1918 verisen kevään jäljet näkyvät Noormarkun ruukkialueella edelleen – "näin sen löydön jälkeen painajaisia"". www.satakunnankansa.fi (in Finnish). 18 January 2018. Archived from the original on 2020-07-26. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
- ^ [email protected] (12 February 2018). "Tästä alkoi valkoisten kosto 1918: Laittomat teloitukset taistelun jälkeen veivät hautaan kymmenittäin antautuneita". Vantaan Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 2019-12-31. Retrieved 2019-12-31.
- ^ Ojanne, Jaakko (May 25, 2018). "Nurmijärvellä muistettiin sadan vuoden takaista tragediaa sovinnollisessa hengessä" (in Finnish). Kansan Uutiset. Retrieved August 14, 2019.